Phylum Zygomycota. Pl P 421/521. Zygomycetes 870 species in 124 genera, 32 families and 10 orders Trichomycetes 218 species in 55 genera, 6 families and 3 orders.

Title: Introduction to Biomechanics 1 Introduction to Biomechanics 2 Biomechanics What is it? • The mechanical bases of biological systems. • The application of mechanical laws to living structures. 3 Biomechanics What is it?

(cont.) • The study of the structure and function of biological systems by means of the methods of mechanics. • The science concerned with the internal and external forces acting on the human body and the effects produced by these forces.

4 Kinesiology Is it the same as biomechanics? • Kinesis (motion) -logy (science, study of) • Applied anatomy and mechanics • Rasch Burke (1978). Kinesiology • anatomy (science of structure) • physiology (science of body function) • mechanics (science of movement) • science of movement of the human body. 5 Kinesiology (cont.) • Old (pre-1980) usage • Title of a functional (applied) anatomy biomechanics course (Kinesiology). • Continue to see that use • many programs now put extra descriptors in the title for clarification (e.g., Anatomical Kinesiology, Functional Anatomy and Kinesiology). 6 Kinesiology (cont.) • Current (post-1980) usage • One of several terms used to characterize the discipline or field (e.g., Department of Kinesiology). • Other terms include Exercise Science and Physical Education, Exercise and Sport Sciences, Human Movement Studies, or Movement Science.

• Potentially an umbrella term for any form of anatomical, physiological, psychological, or mechanical analysis of human movement. 7 Biomechanics Does it exist in more than one field? • Exercise and sport biomechanics • Orthopedic biomechanics • Occupational biomechanics • Biomechanics of other biological systems 8 Biomechanics Does it exist in more than one field? (cont.) • Exercise and sport biomechanics • improving athletic performance, reduction of athletic injuries 9 Biomechanics Does it exist in more than one field? (cont.) • Orthopedic biomechanics • artificial limbs, joints, and orthoses to improve functional movement capacity • study of natural and artificial biological tissues 10 Biomechanics Does it exist in more than one field? (cont.) • Occupational Biomechanics • Ergonomics and Human Factors • reduction of workplace injuries 11 Biomechanics Does it exist in more than one field?

(cont.) • Biomechanics of other biological systems • Comparative biomechanics (e.g., swimming in fish, locomotion in apes) • Equine (horse) and canine (dog) racing performance 12 What do we have in common? • Application of fundamental mechanical principles to the study of structure and function of living systems. • Common measurement and analysis tools.